Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Practice Questions
Class 12 · Physics · 1749 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
1749
Total
588
Easy
861
Medium
300
Hard
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Topics in Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Electric Potential
467
Energy Stored
414
Capacitors
415
Potential due to Point Charges
453
Sample Questions from Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Here are 10 sample questions. Start a quiz to get randomized questions with scoring.
Q1
Easy
What is the electric potential at a point that is 2 meters away from a charge of 5 microcoulombs in a vacuum?
A.
1125 V
B.
4500 V
C.
2250 V
D.
900 V
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
The electric potential V due to a point charge is given by the formula V = k * Q / r, where k is Coulomb's constant (8.99 x 10^9 N mยฒ/Cยฒ), Q is the charge, and r is the distance from the charge. Here, V = (8.99 x 10^9) * (5 x 10^-6) / 2 = 2250 V.
Q2
Easy
If a positive charge is moved from a point A (higher potential) to point B (lower potential), what happens to the charge's potential energy?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
When a positive charge moves from a higher electric potential to a lower electric potential, it loses potential energy because work is done by the electric field on the charge.
Q3
Easy
What is the SI unit of electric potential?
A.
Volt
B.
Coulomb
C.
Ohm
D.
Ampere
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
The SI unit of electric potential is the Volt (V), which is defined as one joule per coulomb.
Q4
Medium
What is the electric potential at a point due to a point charge?
A.
kQ/r
B.
kQr
C.
Q/rยฒ
D.
Qr/k
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
The electric potential (V) due to a point charge (Q) at a distance (r) is given by V = kQ/r, where k is Coulomb's constant.
Q5
Medium
If the distance between two point charges is halved, how does the electric potential energy change?
A.
It doubles
B.
It becomes half
C.
It quadruples
D.
It remains the same
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Electric potential energy (U) varies inversely with distance (r). If r is halved, U becomes 4 times greater.
Q6
Medium
Which of the following configurations will yield the highest capacitance?
A.
Two capacitors in series
B.
Two capacitors in parallel
C.
A single capacitor
D.
A capacitor in a dielectric medium
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Capacitors connected in parallel add their capacitances directly, thus yielding a higher total capacitance compared to series connections.
Q7
Medium
Electric field lines are directed from positive to negative charges. What does this imply?
A.
Electric potential decreases in the direction of the field.
B.
Electric potential remains constant.
C.
Electric potential increases in the direction of the field.
D.
There are no charges present.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Electric field lines indicate the direction of the electric field, which shows that as you move in the direction of the field, the electric potential decreases.
Q8
Hard
A point charge of +5 ฮผC is placed at the origin. What is the electric potential at a point 2 meters away?
A.
11250 V
B.
22500 V
C.
5625 V
D.
4500 V
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
The electric potential V due to a point charge is given by V = k * q / r, where k = 9 x 10^9 Nmยฒ/Cยฒ, q is the charge, and r is the distance.
Q9
Hard
Two point charges of +4 ฮผC and -4 ฮผC are separated by a distance of 1 meter. What is the potential difference between the midpoint and infinity?
A.
0 V
B.
18000 V
C.
9000 V
D.
4500 V
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
At the midpoint, the potential due to both charges cancels out, resulting in a total potential of 0 V.
Q10
Hard
A capacitor of capacitance 6 ฮผF is charged to a potential difference of 100 V. What is the energy stored in the capacitor?
A.
0.03 J
B.
0.06 J
C.
0.1 J
D.
0.12 J
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by U = 0.5 * C * V^2.
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Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance โ Class 12 Physics Practice Questions Online
This page contains 1749 practice MCQs for the chapter Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance in Class 12 Physics. The questions are organized by difficulty โ 588 easy, 861 medium, 300 hard โ so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
Every question includes a detailed explanation to help you understand the concept, not just memorize answers. Take a timed quiz to simulate exam conditions, or practice at your own pace with no time limit. This chapter covers 4 topics, giving you comprehensive coverage of the entire chapter.