Biotechnology Practice Questions
HSC/SSC (Bangladesh) · HSC Biology · 150 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
150
Total
47
Easy
72
Medium
31
Hard
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Sample Questions from Biotechnology
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Q1
Easy
What is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in recombinant DNA technology?
A.
To amplify DNA sequences
B.
To cut DNA at specific sequences
C.
To insert genes into plasmids
D.
To visualize DNA fragments
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Restriction enzymes are proteins that recognize specific nucleotide sequences in DNA and cut the DNA at those sites. This function is crucial in recombinant DNA technology for generating fragments that can be joined with other DNA molecules.
Q2
Easy
Which of the following is a technique used to introduce foreign DNA into a host organism?
A.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
B.
Gel Electrophoresis
C.
Transformation
D.
Centrifugation
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Transformation is the process by which a host organism takes up foreign DNA from its surroundings, allowing for genetic modification. This technique is commonly used in bacteria to produce recombinant proteins.
Q3
Easy
What is the significance of using PCR in biotechnology?
A.
To cut DNA into fragments
B.
To amplify specific DNA sequences
C.
To separate DNA by size
D.
To store genetic material
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences, enabling researchers to obtain millions of copies of a particular section of DNA. This is fundamental in various applications including cloning and genetic testing.
Q4
Medium
Which of the following techniques is primarily used for the cloning of DNA fragments?
A.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
B.
Gel Electrophoresis
C.
Restriction Enzyme Digestion
D.
Southern Blotting
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Restriction Enzyme Digestion is essential for cutting DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the cloning of DNA fragments into vectors.
Q5
Medium
What is the primary role of the plasmid in genetic engineering?
A.
To serve as a template for DNA replication
B.
To facilitate gene expression in host cells
C.
To protect the host DNA from degradation
D.
To provide energy to the host cell
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Plasmids are used as vectors to carry foreign genes into host cells, facilitating gene expression and replication of the inserted DNA.
Q6
Medium
In the context of genetic modification, what does the term 'transgenic organism' refer to?
A.
An organism that has been modified to express genes from another species
B.
An organism that has undergone random mutations
C.
An organism that is capable of self-replication
D.
An organism that does not exhibit any genetic variation
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
A transgenic organism is specifically one that has had genes from another species inserted into its genome, allowing for new traits.
Q7
Medium
Which of the following is a common application of CRISPR technology in biotechnology?
A.
Gene cloning
B.
Gene editing
C.
Protein synthesis
D.
Cell culture
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to an organism's DNA to create desired traits or to correct genetic defects.
Q8
Hard
What is the primary function of plasmids in genetic engineering?
A.
To act as vectors for gene cloning
B.
To enhance cellular respiration
C.
To produce energy for the cell
D.
To synthesize proteins directly
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA. They are commonly used as vectors in genetic engineering to transfer genetic material into cells, making option A the correct answer.
Q9
Hard
In a recombinant DNA experiment, if a plasmid carries a gene for antibiotic resistance, what would be the expected outcome when transformed bacteria are exposed to the antibiotic?
A.
All bacteria will die.
B.
Only transformed bacteria survive.
C.
All bacteria will show resistance.
D.
Transformed bacteria will mutate.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
When the plasmid containing the antibiotic resistance gene is successfully taken up by the bacteria, only those transformed bacteria will gain antibiotic resistance and survive in the presence of the antibiotic. Therefore, option B is the correct choice.
Q10
Hard
Which of the following is a key step in the process of constructing a recombinant DNA molecule?
A.
Isolation of the desired gene
B.
Amplification of the host cell's DNA
C.
Transformation of plant cells
D.
Extraction of plasmids from animal cells
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Isolation of the desired gene is crucial in recombinant DNA technology as it allows researchers to cut and insert a specific gene into a vector, which is essential for further manipulation and expression.
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Biotechnology — HSC/SSC (Bangladesh) HSC Biology Practice Questions Online
This page contains 150 practice MCQs for the chapter Biotechnology in HSC/SSC (Bangladesh) HSC Biology. The questions are organized by difficulty — 47 easy, 72 medium, 31 hard — so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
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