Evolution Practice Questions
HSC/SSC (Bangladesh) · HSC Biology · 148 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
148
Total
45
Easy
75
Medium
28
Hard
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Sample Questions from Evolution
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Q1
Easy
Which of the following best describes the process of natural selection?
A.
Survival of the fittest individuals leads to evolutionary change.
B.
All individuals in a population have equal chance of survival.
C.
Evolution occurs through external environmental changes only.
D.
Genetic mutations are the only factor in evolution.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Natural selection describes how individuals better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more than those less adapted, leading to evolutionary changes.
Q2
Easy
What is the significance of fossils in the study of evolution?
A.
Fossils provide direct evidence of genetic changes.
B.
Fossils are remnants that show the biodiversity of past organisms.
C.
Fossils can be used to prove that evolution does not occur.
D.
Fossils only demonstrate the age of rocks.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Fossils are critical in showing the diversity of life that existed at different times and how species have changed over time, helping to trace evolutionary pathways.
Q3
Easy
Which statement correctly defines adaptation in terms of evolution?
A.
Adaptation is the immediate response to environmental changes.
B.
Adaptation is a long-term process through which species evolve.
C.
Adaptation only occurs in extreme environments.
D.
Adaptation involves the extinction of less fit organisms.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Adaptation in evolution refers to the long-term process where species develop characteristics that enhance their survival and reproduction in their specific environments.
Q4
Medium
Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution?
A.
Dolphins and sharks both have streamlined bodies.
B.
Horses and zebras share a common ancestor.
C.
Bats and birds evolved from different ancestors.
D.
Humans and chimpanzees have different evolutionary paths.
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Correct Answer: A
Dolphins and sharks are not closely related but have adapted similar body shapes due to living in similar environments, showcasing convergent evolution.
Q5
Medium
What type of selection is depicted by the peppered moth's color change during the Industrial Revolution?
A.
Directional selection
B.
Stabilizing selection
C.
Disruptive selection
D.
Artificial selection
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Correct Answer: A
Directional selection occurs when one extreme phenotype is favored over others, as seen with the peppered moths becoming darker due to pollution.
Q6
Medium
Which of the following statements best defines a species according to the biological species concept?
A.
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
B.
A group of organisms that are morphologically similar.
C.
A group of organisms that occupy the same habitat.
D.
A group of organisms that share the same genetic material.
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Correct Answer: A
The biological species concept defines a species based on reproductive isolation and the ability to produce fertile offspring, distinguishing it from other concepts.
Q7
Medium
Which scientist proposed the theory of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution?
A.
Gregor Mendel
B.
Charles Darwin
C.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
D.
Alfred Russel Wallace
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Charles Darwin is best known for proposing the theory of natural selection, which describes how species evolve over time through differential survival and reproduction.
Q8
Hard
Which of the following evidences supports the concept of common descent in evolutionary biology?
A.
Similarities in DNA sequences among different species
B.
The presence of vestigial structures in modern organisms
C.
Fossil records showing transitional forms
D.
All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: D
All the given options provide evidence for common descent. Similar DNA sequences indicate genetic relationships, vestigial structures suggest evolutionary remnants, and fossil records show changes over time leading to modern species.
Q9
Hard
In a population of rabbits, the allele for brown fur (B) is dominant over the allele for white fur (b). If the frequency of the brown fur allele is 0.7, what is the expected frequency of homozygous recessive individuals in the population according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
A.
0.09
B.
0.30
C.
0.21
D.
0.49
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Using the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (bb) is calculated as q². If the frequency of B (p) is 0.7, then q (frequency of b) is 0.3. Therefore, q² = (0.3)² = 0.09.
Q10
Hard
Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for promoting genetic diversity within a population during evolution?
A.
Mutation
B.
Natural selection
C.
Genetic drift
D.
Gene flow
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: D
Gene flow involves the transfer of genetic material between populations, which increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles into a population. This is crucial for evolution as it enhances the adaptability of the species to changing environments.
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Evolution — HSC/SSC (Bangladesh) HSC Biology Practice Questions Online
This page contains 148 practice MCQs for the chapter Evolution in HSC/SSC (Bangladesh) HSC Biology. The questions are organized by difficulty — 45 easy, 75 medium, 28 hard — so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
Every question includes a detailed explanation to help you understand the concept, not just memorize answers. Take a timed quiz to simulate exam conditions, or practice at your own pace with no time limit.