Ecology Practice Questions
NECO (Nigeria) · NECO Biology · 146 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
146
Total
41
Easy
77
Medium
28
Hard
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Sample Questions from Ecology
Here are 10 sample questions. Start a quiz to get randomized questions with scoring.
Q1
Easy
Which of the following best describes an ecosystem?
A.
A community of living organisms interacting with each other and their environment.
B.
A group of different species living in isolation.
C.
A single species inhabiting a specific area.
D.
Only the abiotic factors in a given area.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
An ecosystem includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components interacting together, which is best described by option A.
Q2
Easy
If a certain area has a population density of 100 individuals in a 10 square km area, what is the population density per square km?
A.
10 individuals/km²
B.
100 individuals/km²
C.
50 individuals/km²
D.
1,000 individuals/km²
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Population density is calculated by dividing the total number of individuals by the area. Here, 100 individuals ÷ 10 km² = 10 individuals/km², making option A correct.
Q3
Easy
What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?
A.
They produce energy through photosynthesis.
B.
They break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil.
C.
They compete for resources with primary producers.
D.
They are at the top of the food chain.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Decomposers are crucial for recycling nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter, which is correctly described in option B.
Q4
Medium
Which of the following best describes the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
A.
They produce glucose through photosynthesis.
B.
They break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients.
C.
They compete with herbivores for plant resources.
D.
They are the top predators in a food chain.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Decomposers break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil and recycling them, essential for ecosystem health.
Q5
Medium
In a food chain, what is the primary source of energy?
A.
Herbivores
B.
Carnivores
C.
Producers
D.
Decomposers
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Producers, such as plants, are the primary source of energy in a food chain, converting sunlight into usable energy through photosynthesis.
Q6
Medium
If a population of rabbits increases significantly, which of the following is a likely effect on the ecosystem?
A.
An increase in the population of foxes.
B.
A decrease in the availability of grass.
C.
An increase in the number of decomposers.
D.
A total collapse of the ecosystem.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
A significant increase in the rabbit population would lead to increased grazing, resulting in a decrease in grass availability in the ecosystem.
Q7
Medium
Which of the following factors is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
A.
Plants
B.
Animals
C.
Soil
D.
Fungi
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Soil is an abiotic component of an ecosystem, as it is a non-living factor that supports plant life and influences nutrient availability.
Q8
Hard
Which of the following factors is NOT a biotic component of an ecosystem?
A.
Plants
B.
Animals
C.
Soil
D.
Bacteria
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Soil is an abiotic component of an ecosystem as it is non-living. Biotic components include all living organisms like plants, animals, and bacteria.
Q9
Hard
Which of the following factors is NOT typically considered a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
A.
Predation
B.
Competition
C.
Soil pH
D.
Mutualism
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Soil pH is an abiotic factor, as it relates to the non-living components of the environment. Biotic factors, such as predation, competition, and mutualism, involve interactions between living organisms.
Q10
Hard
In a certain ecosystem, the population of a predator increases, leading to a decline in the population of its prey. What type of ecological interaction does this scenario exemplify?
A.
Commensalism
B.
Mutualism
C.
Predation
D.
Parasitism
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
This scenario exemplifies predation, as the increase in the predator population directly impacts the prey population by increasing the rate at which they are consumed. This interaction highlights the dynamic balance in ecosystems.
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Ecology — NECO (Nigeria) NECO Biology Practice Questions Online
This page contains 146 practice MCQs for the chapter Ecology in NECO (Nigeria) NECO Biology. The questions are organized by difficulty — 41 easy, 77 medium, 28 hard — so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
Every question includes a detailed explanation to help you understand the concept, not just memorize answers. Take a timed quiz to simulate exam conditions, or practice at your own pace with no time limit.