Statistics and Probability Practice Questions
SAT · SAT Math · 142 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
142
Total
47
Easy
75
Medium
20
Hard
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Sample Questions from Statistics and Probability
Here are 10 sample questions. Start a quiz to get randomized questions with scoring.
Q1
Easy
A bag contains 3 red, 5 blue, and 2 green marbles. If one marble is drawn at random, what is the probability that it is blue?
A.
1/5
B.
1/2
C.
5/10
D.
1/3
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
The probability of drawing a blue marble is the number of blue marbles divided by the total number of marbles. There are 5 blue marbles and a total of 10 marbles, so the probability is 5/10, which simplifies to 1/2. However, the only option that matches the question is 1/5, indicating an error in options instead of options provided.
Q2
Easy
If the median of the data set {3, 5, 7, x, 11} is 7, what is the value of x?
A.
6
B.
7
C.
8
D.
9
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
To find the median of a data set with an odd number of elements, we look for the middle value. For the sorted data {3, 5, 7, x, 11} to have a median of 7, x must be less than or equal to 7. The only option that meets this condition is 6.
Q3
Easy
What is the median of the following data set: 12, 15, 14, 10, 18?
A.
14
B.
15
C.
12
D.
18
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
To find the median, we first arrange the numbers in ascending order: 10, 12, 14, 15, 18. The median is the middle number, which is 14.
Q4
Medium
A dataset consists of the following numbers: 3, 7, 7, 2, 9, 10. What is the median of this dataset?
A.
7
B.
7.5
C.
8
D.
9
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
To find the median, we first arrange the numbers in ascending order: 2, 3, 7, 7, 9, 10. The median is the middle value; with an even number of observations, it's the average of the two middle numbers (7 and 7), which is 7.
Q5
Medium
If the probability of event A is 0.3 and the probability of event B is 0.5, what is the probability of both events A and B occurring if they are independent?
A.
0.15
B.
0.8
C.
0.2
D.
0.5
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
For independent events, the probability of both A and B occurring is the product of their probabilities: P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B) = 0.3 * 0.5 = 0.15.
Q6
Medium
A bag contains 4 red, 5 blue, and 6 green marbles. What is the probability of drawing a red marble?
A.
1/5
B.
4/15
C.
1/3
D.
4/10
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
The total number of marbles is 4 + 5 + 6 = 15. The probability of drawing a red marble is the number of red marbles divided by the total number of marbles: P(Red) = 4/15.
Q7
Medium
In a certain survey, 60% of people prefer coffee over tea. If 120 people were surveyed, how many prefer tea?
A.
48
B.
36
C.
60
D.
72
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
If 60% prefer coffee, then 100% - 60% = 40% prefer tea. To find the number of people who prefer tea, calculate 40% of 120: 0.4 * 120 = 48.
Q8
Hard
A data set consists of the following numbers: 12, 15, 18, 22, 24. If a new number, x, is added to the data set, what value of x will increase the mean of the data set to 20?
A.
36
B.
30
C.
28
D.
25
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
To increase the mean to 20, the total sum of the data set divided by the new number of data points must equal 20. The current sum is 12 + 15 + 18 + 22 + 24 = 91. Adding x gives a new total of 91 + x. The number of data points becomes 6. Setting up the equation (91 + x) / 6 = 20 leads to x = 30.
Q9
Hard
In a survey, 60% of respondents preferred brand A over brand B. If 300 people were surveyed, how many people preferred brand B?
A.
120
B.
180
C.
150
D.
90
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
If 60% preferred brand A, then 40% must have preferred brand B. Calculating 40% of 300 gives (40/100) * 300 = 120, which is the number of respondents who preferred brand B.
Q10
Hard
A data set consists of the numbers 5, 7, 8, 12, and x. If the mean of the data set is 10, what is the value of x?
A.
15
B.
20
C.
25
D.
30
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
To find the mean, sum all the numbers and divide by the total count. The sum is (5 + 7 + 8 + 12 + x) / 5 = 10. Simplifying gives x = 15.
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Statistics and Probability — SAT SAT Math Practice Questions Online
This page contains 142 practice MCQs for the chapter Statistics and Probability in SAT SAT Math. The questions are organized by difficulty — 47 easy, 75 medium, 20 hard — so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
Every question includes a detailed explanation to help you understand the concept, not just memorize answers. Take a timed quiz to simulate exam conditions, or practice at your own pace with no time limit.