The Structure of the Atom Practice Questions
SPM (Malaysia) · SPM Chemistry · 135 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
135
Total
37
Easy
70
Medium
28
Hard
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Sample Questions from The Structure of the Atom
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Q1
Easy
Which particle is found in the nucleus of an atom?
A.
Electron
B.
Neutron
C.
Photon
D.
Ion
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom alongside protons. Electrons orbit around the nucleus, while photons are particles of light and ions are charged atoms.
Q2
Easy
What is the mass number of an atom with 6 protons and 8 neutrons?
A.
14
B.
6
C.
8
D.
2
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons. Here, 6 protons + 8 neutrons equals 14.
Q3
Easy
What is the charge of a proton in an atom?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Neutral
D.
Varies
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Protons carry a positive charge, which is essential in determining the overall charge of an atom. Electrons, in contrast, have a negative charge, while neutrons are neutral.
Q4
Medium
Which particle is found in the nucleus of an atom and contributes to its mass?
A.
Electron
B.
Proton
C.
Neutron
D.
Positron
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Protons are positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom and they contribute significantly to the mass of the atom. Neutrons also contribute to the mass but are neutral; hence, protons are specifically identified for their positive charge.
Q5
Medium
If an atom has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, what is its atomic number?
A.
12
B.
6
C.
18
D.
0
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
The atomic number of an element is defined as the number of protons in its nucleus. Since this atom has 6 protons, its atomic number is 6, which corresponds to carbon.
Q6
Medium
Which statement about isotopes is correct?
A.
Isotopes have different numbers of protons.
B.
Isotopes have the same number of neutrons.
C.
Isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties.
D.
Isotopes have different atomic numbers.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Isotopes are variants of the same element that have the same number of protons (and hence the same atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons. This results in different mass numbers, but their chemical properties remain similar due to having the same electron configuration.
Q7
Medium
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge and is found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus?
A.
Proton
B.
Neutron
C.
Electron
D.
Nucleus
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Electrons are the subatomic particles that have a negative charge and exist in the electron cloud around the nucleus of an atom, distinguishing them from protons and neutrons which have positive and no charge respectively.
Q8
Hard
In a neutral atom of chlorine, which of the following statements about its subatomic particles is correct?
A.
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
B.
The number of neutrons is greater than the number of protons.
C.
Chlorine has more protons than neutrons.
D.
Chlorine has no electrons.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
In a neutral chlorine atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons to balance the charge, which is why option A is correct. Chlorine has 17 protons and 17 electrons in its neutral state.
Q9
Hard
An atom has an atomic number of 15 and a mass number of 31. How many neutrons does it contain?
A.
15
B.
16
C.
31
D.
46
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number: 31 (mass number) - 15 (atomic number) = 16 neutrons. Thus, option B is correct.
Q10
Hard
Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?
A.
Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
B.
Isotopes have different chemical properties due to different electron configurations.
C.
Isotopes can never be radioactive.
D.
Isotopes are always formed by the same nuclear reactions.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Isotopes are variations of a chemical element that have the same number of protons (and hence belong to the same element) but differ in the number of neutrons. This results in different atomic masses but not different chemical properties.
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The Structure of the Atom — SPM (Malaysia) SPM Chemistry Practice Questions Online
This page contains 135 practice MCQs for the chapter The Structure of the Atom in SPM (Malaysia) SPM Chemistry. The questions are organized by difficulty — 37 easy, 70 medium, 28 hard — so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
Every question includes a detailed explanation to help you understand the concept, not just memorize answers. Take a timed quiz to simulate exam conditions, or practice at your own pace with no time limit.