Ekologi Practice Questions
UN (Indonesia) · UN Biologi · 146 free MCQs with instant results and detailed explanations.
146
Total
40
Easy
79
Medium
27
Hard
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Sample Questions from Ekologi
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Q1
Easy
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?
A.
Wind energy
B.
Solar energy
C.
Geothermal energy
D.
Nuclear energy
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Solar energy is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems as it is used by plants during photosynthesis to produce food.
Q2
Easy
Which of the following best describes a food chain?
A.
A complex network of feeding relationships
B.
A linear sequence of organisms through which energy flows
C.
A diagram showing energy loss at each trophic level
D.
A representation of all organisms in a habitat
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next, illustrating the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
Q3
Easy
In an ecosystem, which organism type is responsible for decomposing dead matter?
A.
Producers
B.
Consumers
C.
Decomposers
D.
Predators
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Decomposers are organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, that break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Q4
Medium
What is the primary factor that determines the type of biome found in a particular area?
A.
Soil composition
B.
Climate
C.
Species diversity
D.
Topography
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Climate is the primary factor that influences the type of biome in an area, as it determines temperature and precipitation, which directly affect the types of plants and animals that can thrive there.
Q5
Medium
In a food chain, if the primary producer has a biomass of 10,000 kg, what is the expected biomass of the secondary consumer if the energy transfer efficiency is about 10%?
A.
1,000 kg
B.
100 kg
C.
10 kg
D.
10,000 kg
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
In a food chain, only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. Therefore, if the primary producer has 10,000 kg, the primary consumer would have about 1,000 kg, and the secondary consumer would have 10% of that, resulting in 1,000 kg.
Q6
Medium
Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
A.
A lion hunting a zebra
B.
Bees pollinating flowers
C.
A tick feeding on a dog
D.
A hawk eating a mouse
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit. In this case, bees obtain nectar from flowers while helping to pollinate them, benefiting both organisms.
Q7
Medium
What can be a consequence of deforestation in an ecosystem?
A.
Increased biodiversity
B.
Enhanced soil fertility
C.
Loss of habitat for many species
D.
Improved air quality
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: C
Deforestation leads to the destruction of habitats for many species, resulting in a loss of biodiversity as animals and plants are displaced or eliminated.
Q8
Hard
Which of the following factors is most likely to disrupt the balance of an ecosystem by causing a shift in species diversity?
A.
Increased nutrient runoff from agriculture
B.
Natural predation
C.
Seasonal temperature changes
D.
Migration of species
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
Increased nutrient runoff from agriculture can lead to eutrophication, which disrupts ecosystems by causing algal blooms that deplete oxygen and harm aquatic life, thereby significantly altering species diversity.
Q9
Hard
In a certain forest ecosystem, the primary productivity is measured at 2000 g/m²/year. If the efficiency of energy transfer from primary producers to primary consumers is 10%, what is the energy available to the primary consumers?
A.
200 g/m²/year
B.
2000 g/m²/year
C.
20 g/m²/year
D.
20000 g/m²/year
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: A
The energy available to primary consumers is calculated by taking 10% of the primary productivity. Thus, 10% of 2000 g/m²/year equals 200 g/m²/year.
Q10
Hard
In a given ecosystem, the introduction of an invasive species has led to a sharp decline in the native species population. What is the most likely ecological consequence of this event?
A.
Increased biodiversity as the ecosystem adapts to the new species.
B.
Decreased food availability for higher trophic levels.
C.
A complete collapse of the ecosystem.
D.
Stabilization of the ecosystem as new species fill ecological niches.
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: B
The introduction of an invasive species often leads to competition for resources, which can decrease the food availability for native species and, consequently, for higher trophic levels dependent on them.
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Ekologi — UN (Indonesia) UN Biologi Practice Questions Online
This page contains 146 practice MCQs for the chapter Ekologi in UN (Indonesia) UN Biologi. The questions are organized by difficulty — 40 easy, 79 medium, 27 hard — so you can choose the right level for your preparation.
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